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India is one of the largest producers and exporters of carpo ethmoid sinus ground nuts (peanuts) in the world. Being a PEANUT EXPORTER FROM INDIA we offer best quality peanuts that are used across the globe to make finest range of peanut butter. The commercial success of peanut in India is largely dependent on the country’s diverse climatic conditions that affect production, quality and export status. To help inform farmers, traders and policymakers on an appropriate course of action to sustain and grow India’s status as a world leader in peanut trade requires consideration of how climate influences peanut production.
Climate Factors Affecting Peanut Production
Peanuts grow well in warm, tropical and subtropical regions, so India’s climate is largely conducive for cultivation. Crop is, however, vulnerable to some specific climatic issues like temperature, rainfall and relative humidity.
Temperature Requirements
Optimum temperature range for growth of the peanuts is 20 to 30°C. If germinating 15°C seed temperature and 18°/35°C for flowering is the ideal range Plants will not perform as well under 15°C or over 35°C at sowing rate. In states with STA like Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh principal peanut-growing regions the temperatures are commonly in that ideal range, supporting high yields there.
Rainfall and Soil Moisture
Groundnut requires evenly distributed rainfall of 500–750 mm throughout the growing season. Too much rainfall or waterlogging can result in fungal infections and poor pod development, while lack of water can retard growth and cause low production. Rainfall during the monsoon season is very important for peanut in India, this rainfall is required for sowing and early growth.
Humidity and Sunlight
Good peanuts will need moderate moisture and full sun. Excess humidity can create conditions favourable to disease (leaf spot and rust), while a lack of sunlight can reduce photosynthesis and harvest. Areas with long sunny days and moderate humidity, such as those in Rajasthan and Maharashtra are ideal for growing peanuts.
Regional Variations in Peanut Production
India being a vast country with diverse climate, variations exist in which peanut is grown in different parts of the subcontinent. Groundnut producing States such as Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka and Rajasthan have distinct climatic advantages.
- Gujarat: With a dry climate and sandy, well-drained soils, Gujarat is the Largest Producer of groundnut in India & ONE OF THE MAJOR SUPPLIERS FOR INDIAN PEANUTS.
- Tamil Nadu: The state derives advantage from Tropical climatic conditions with effective rains both during South West monsoon as well as North East monsoon, leading to high productivity levels.
- Andhra Pradesh: A mix of coastal and upland regions with varied microclimates suitable for different types of peanuts.
- Rajasthan: Has to rely on irrigation as it receives little rain, but the hot and dry environment is beneficial for some varieties of peanuts.
Maharashtra Moderate rainfall and temperature is experienced in this state which is ideal for rainfed as well as irrigated production of peanut.
Climate change on peanuts growing conditions
Peanut production in India is greatly affected by climate change. Higher temperatures, untimely rains and more-frequent extreme weather events are making it also harder to get that mix of conditions right.
- Temperature: Warmer temperatures can hasten crop maturity, but at the expense of pod size and yield. Heat stress may also damage the pollination and Pod set.
- Irregular Rainfall: Unpredictable rains can result in either droughts or floods, and both of these are not favorable for the peanut crops. As a result, droughts decrease the availability of soil moisture, and floods elevate disease risk.
- Unfavorable Weather Conditions: Cyclones, storms and untimely rain can cause severe damage in the standing crops, which may lower yields affecting India’s export capabilities as a PEANUT PRODUCER AND SUPPLIER from India.
Adaptation Strategies for Farmers
Farmers are using a variety of strategies to adapt to climate change:
- Drought-Tolerant Varieties Development of drought tolerant and heat-tolerant peanut varieties.
- Better Irrigation: Utilize efficient systems of irrigation, good options are drip and sprinkler to supply even water.
- Crop rotataion: Including peanuts in crop rotation to enhance soil health and diminish disease hazard.
- Integrated Pest Management: Deploying innovative methods to manage pests and disease outbreaks that are intensified by climate.
Nutritional Value of Peanuts
Peanuts are more than a staple crop; they’re a remarkable nutritional powerhouse. If You are A MERCHANT EXPORTER OF PEANUTS FROM INDIA then you must know the nutrition facts about peanuts to get its benefits on a global scale.
Groundnut Nutrition
Peanuts are high in protein, healthy fats, fiber, vitamins and minerals. They are also a rich source of plant protein, which can be beneficial for vegetarian and vegan diets.
Nutritional Value of Peanuts
Protein: Peanuts are 25 – 28% protein, necessary for muscle repair and growth.
- Good Fats: Full of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats that are good for the heart.
- Fiber: Good source of fiber for easy digestion and helps support a healthy cholesterol level.
- Vitamins: Peanuts contains good amounts of vitamin E, niacin (vitamin B3) and vitamin B6.
- Minerals: They include important minerals, such as magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and zinc.
Health Benefits of Peanuts
Heart Health: Minerals with the addition of unsaturated fats and antioxidants found in peanuts lower your risk of developing heart disease.
- Weight Loss: With its high protein and fiber content, oatmeal can help control hunger.
- Diabetes Management: Peanuts are low on the glycemic index and can be incorporated in diabetic meal plans allowing people with diabetes to derive the touted benefits.
- Immunse Support : Peanuts contain a high number of vitamins and nutrients which support the immune sytem.
Types of Peanuts
India grows a variety of peanuts with different attributes and uses:
- Virginia Peanuts: Large nuts usually roasted for snacking.
- Runner Peanuts: these medium-sized peanuts are most commonly used to make peanut butter.
- Spanish Peanuts: Small size kernel; suitable for oil extraction and confectionary.
- Valencia Peanuts: They have a sweet taste and are typically used for boiled peanuts.
Peanut Exporters in India
A strong export base allows India TO BE A LEADING PEANUT EXPORTER FROM INDIA and an established network of exporters to ensure the high grade peanuts reach global markets. These exporters are instrumental in ensuring that India remains a torchbearer for delivering safe and nutritious peanuts to the global market.
Conclusion
The success of peanuts crops in India is largely determined by the climate. As a PEANUT EXPORTER FROM INDIA, the country will have to develop in ways that allow it to maintain its position as World Leader in exporting peanuts around the world. Once India educates about the nutritional side of peanut and its health benefits, it will invariably add to more demand for Indian peanuts across the globe. With the right approach and tools, India’s peanut industry can blossom despite new challenges brought on by climate change to provide a steady supply of healthy peanuts for both home and abroad.
